One of the largest churches in the world, a renowned work of Renaissance architecture and one of the holiest Catholic shrines.

St. Peter's Basilica is an Italian Renaissance church in Vatican City, the papal enclave within the city of Rome. It is the most renowned work of Renaissance architecture and the largest church in the world. /n While it is neither the mother church of the Catholic Church nor the Catholic Roman Rite cathedral of the Diocese of Rome, St. Peter's is regarded as one of the holiest Catholic shrines. It has been described as 'holding a unique position in the Christian world' and as 'the greatest of all churches of Christendom'.

St. Peter's Basilica is an Italian Renaissance church in Vatican City, the papal enclave within the city of Rome.

One of the world's largest museum complexes, containing some of the most significant classical sculptures and Renaissance works of art.

The Vatican Museums are Christian and art museums located within Vatican City. They display works from the immense collection amassed by popes throughout the centuries including some of the most renowned classical sculptures and most important masterpieces of Renaissance art in the world. /n The museums contain roughly 70,000 works, of which 20,000 are on display, and currently employ 640 people who work in 40 different administrative, scholarly, and restoration departments.

The Vatican Museums are Christian and art museums located within Vatican City.

A chapel in the Apostolic Palace, the official residence of the Pope, in Vatican City. It is famous for its Renaissance frescoes, which include works by Michelangelo.

The Sistine Chapel is a chapel in the Apostolic Palace, the official residence of the Pope, in Vatican City. It is famous for its frescos, which include works by Perugino, Pinturicchio, Ghirlandaio, Rosselli, Botticelli, Signorelli, della Gatta and, most famously, Michelangelo. /n The chapel takes its name from Pope Sixtus IV, who restored it between 1477 and 1480. Since that time, the chapel has served as a place of both religious and functionary papal activity. Today it is the site of the Papal conclave, the process by which a new pope is selected.

The Sistine Chapel is a chapel in the Apostolic Palace, the official residence of the Pope, in Vatican City.

One of the most famous and arguably the most beautiful of Rome's many squares. The large and lively square features no less than three magnificent fountains.

Piazza Navona is a square in Rome, Italy, built on the site of the Stadium of Domitian, built in the 1st century AD, and follows the form of the open space of the stadium. /n The ancient Romans went there to watch the agones ('games'), and hence it was known as 'Circus Agonalis' (competition arena). It is believed that over time the name changed to 'in agone' to 'navone' and eventually to 'navona'.

Piazza Navona is a square in Rome, Italy, built on the site of the Stadium of Domitian.

The largest ancient amphitheater ever built, and still standing, the Colosseum is arguably the most impressive building of the Roman Empire.

The Colosseum, or the Coliseum, originally the Flavian Amphitheatre, is an elliptical amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy, the largest ever built in the Roman Empire. It is considered one of the greatest works of Roman architecture and Roman engineering. /n Occupying a site just east of the Roman Forum, its construction started in 72 AD under the emperor Vespasian and was completed in 80 AD under Titus, with further modifications being made during Domitian's reign (81–96). The name 'Colosseum' is believed to be derived from a colossal statue of Nero nearby.

The Colosseum, also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre, is an iconic symbol of Imperial Rome.

The Roman Forum is an iconic archaeological site in Rome with ruins of ancient government buildings. Palatine Hill is one of the most ancient parts of the city, steeped in mythology and history.

The Roman Forum, once the heart of the Roman Empire, is a sprawling complex of ruined temples, basilicas, and arches. It's like stepping back in time, walking the same streets that Caesar once did. /n The Palatine Hill is the most central of Rome's seven hills and offers stunning views over the city. It's also home to the ruins of palaces of Roman emperors and aristocrats, making it a fascinating place to explore for anyone interested in history and architecture.

The Roman Forum and Palatine Hill are ancient sites, offering a glimpse into Rome's past.

A monumental stairway of 135 steps, one of the most famous tourist attractions in the city.

The Spanish Steps, located in the Piazza di Spagna, are one of Rome's most popular tourist attractions. This monumental stairway of 135 steps was built in the 18th century to link the Bourbon Spanish embassy to the Trinità dei Monti church above. /n The steps are a popular gathering place for locals and tourists alike, offering great views of the city. At the foot of the steps, you'll find the Barcaccia Fountain, another popular landmark. The area is also known for its high-end shopping and is home to many designer boutiques.

The Spanish Steps are a monumental stairway of 135 steps, a popular gathering place in Rome.

A former Roman temple, now a church, with a massive dome and ancient Roman architecture.

The Pantheon, a former Roman temple now a church, is one of the best-preserved of all Ancient Roman buildings. It has been in continuous use throughout its history. Its dome, with its famous hole at the top (the oculus), is still the world's largest unreinforced concrete dome. /n The design of the Pantheon is a perfect study in symmetry and proportion, with the diameter of the dome equal to the height of the building. Inside, you can find the tombs of several important Italians, including the artist Raphael. The Pantheon is a testament to the genius of Roman architects and their revolutionary use of concrete and design.

The Pantheon is a former Roman temple, now a church, known for its perfect proportions.

The Galleria Borghese is an art gallery in Rome, Italy, housed in the former Villa Borghese Pinciana. It is a building that was from the first integral with its gardens, nowadays considered quite separately by tourists as the Villa Borghese gardens. The Galleria Borghese houses a substantial part of the Borghese collection of paintings, sculpture and antiquities, begun by Cardinal Scipione Borghese, the nephew of Pope Paul V (reign 1605–1621).

Galleria Borghese, situated in the heart of Rome, Italy, is a world-renowned art gallery that houses an extensive collection of sculptures, paintings, and antiquities. The gallery is located in the former Villa Borghese Pinciana, a beautiful and historic building that is a work of art in itself. /n The collection features works from some of the most acclaimed artists in history, including Caravaggio, Raphael, and Bernini. Visitors can explore the gallery at their own pace, taking in the stunning artworks and the equally impressive architecture of the building. The Galleria Borghese is not just a museum, but a cultural experience that offers a glimpse into the rich history and artistic heritage of Rome. Whether you're an art enthusiast, a history buff, or simply a curious traveler, a visit to the Galleria Borghese is sure to be a memorable experience.

Galleria Borghese is a renowned art gallery in Rome, housing an extensive collection of sculptures and paintings.

The largest Baroque fountain in the city and one of the most famous fountains in the world.

The Trevi Fountain is a fountain in the Trevi district in Rome, Italy, designed by Italian architect Nicola Salvi and completed by Pietro Bracci. Standing 26.3 metres (86 ft) high and 49.15 metres (161.3 ft) wide, it is the largest Baroque fountain in the city and one of the most famous fountains in the world. /n The fountain has appeared in several notable films, including Federico Fellini's La Dolce Vita, and is a popular tourist attraction.

The Trevi Fountain is the largest Baroque fountain in the city and one of the most famous fountains in the world.

Experience the timeless allure of Rome, Italy's captivating capital. Walk through centuries of history at iconic landmarks like the Colosseum, Roman Forum, and the Pantheon. Marvel at the Vatican City, home to St. Peter's Basilica and the Sistine Chapel, showcasing Michelangelo's masterpieces. Wander through charming piazzas, like Piazza Navona and Piazza di Spagna, and indulge in authentic Italian cuisine at local trattorias. Explore the vibrant Trastevere neighborhood, known for its bohemian atmosphere and nightlife. Don't forget to toss a coin in the Trevi Fountain, ensuring your return to this eternal city. Whether you're a history buff, foodie, or art lover, Rome offers an unforgettable journey into the heart of Italian culture.

St. Peter's Basilica

Vatican Museums

Sistine Chapel

Piazza Navona

Start your day at the Vatican City, where you can visit St. Peter's Basilica and marvel at its stunning architecture. Don't forget to climb to the top for a panoramic view of Rome.

Enjoy a traditional Italian lunch in the Prati district, known for its wide range of eateries offering authentic Italian cuisine.

After lunch, visit the Vatican Museums, home to an extensive collection of art and historical artifacts. Be sure to see the Sistine Chapel, famous for Michelangelo's ceiling.

Have dinner in the Trastevere district, known for its vibrant nightlife and traditional Roman trattorias.

Take a romantic stroll around Piazza Navona, beautifully lit up during the Christmas season. Enjoy the festive atmosphere and the Christmas market.

Exploring Vatican City and experiencing Christmas at Piazza Navona

Colosseum

Roman Forum and Palatine Hill

Spanish Steps

Begin your day at the Colosseum, one of the most iconic landmarks in Rome. Explore its ancient history and architecture.

Have lunch in the Monti district, a trendy neighborhood with a variety of restaurants serving Italian cuisine.

Spend the afternoon exploring the Roman Forum and Palatine Hill, where you can immerse yourself in ancient Roman history.

Dine in the Testaccio district, known for its local food scene and traditional Roman dishes.

Visit the Spanish Steps, beautifully decorated for Christmas. Enjoy the festive atmosphere and the view of the city from the top.

A journey through ancient Rome and Christmas at the Spanish Steps

Pantheon

Galleria Borghese

Trevi Fountain

Start your day at the Pantheon, a well-preserved monument of Roman history. Explore its stunning architecture and history.

Enjoy lunch in the Campo de' Fiori district, known for its bustling market and variety of eateries.

Spend the afternoon at the Galleria Borghese, a museum housing a vast collection of art and sculptures. Be sure to book your tickets in advance.

Have dinner in the Pigneto district, a trendy neighborhood known for its vibrant food scene.

End your day at the Trevi Fountain, beautifully lit up at night. Don't forget to make a wish before you leave.

Art, history, and a magical Christmas evening at the Trevi Fountain

Daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March, ends last Sunday in October

UTC+1

Rome's public transportation system includes buses, trams, metro (subway), and suburban trains. The metro has three lines (A, B, and C) that can take you to many of the city's main attractions. Buses and trams cover the entire city and are a good option for reaching places not served by the metro.

Taxis are plentiful in Rome and can be hailed on the street, found at taxi stands, or called by phone. All official taxis are white and have a 'TAXI' sign on the roof. They are metered, so the cost will depend on the distance and time of travel.

Ridesharing services like Uber are available in Rome. They can be a convenient option for getting around, especially if you're not familiar with the city's public transportation system. However, they can be more expensive than taxis or public transportation.

Rome has several bike rental companies, and the city is increasingly becoming more bike-friendly with the addition of bike lanes. Biking can be a fun and active way to explore the city, but be aware that Rome's hilly terrain and chaotic traffic can be challenging.

Renting a car can give you the freedom to explore Rome at your own pace. However, driving in Rome can be stressful due to heavy traffic, narrow streets, and limited parking. Additionally, the city center is a restricted traffic zone (ZTL) where only authorized vehicles are allowed.

Many of Rome's attractions are within walking distance of each other, especially in the historic city center. Walking can be a pleasant way to explore the city, but be prepared for cobblestone streets and occasional lack of sidewalks.

Renting a scooter can be a fun and efficient way to get around Rome. However, this option is best for those who are experienced in riding scooters and comfortable navigating Rome's busy streets.

Private tours, often with a chauffeur, can be a comfortable and convenient way to see Rome's sights. These can be customized to your interests and typically include pick-up and drop-off at your accommodation.

Hop-on hop-off bus tours are a popular way to see Rome's main attractions. These double-decker buses follow a specific route and you can get on and off as many times as you like at the designated stops.

A popular street food in Rome, Pizza al Taglio is a rectangular pizza that is sold by weight. It's a must-try for its variety of toppings and authentic Roman style.

Pizza al Taglio

A classic Roman pasta dish made with egg, Pecorino Romano cheese, guanciale (pork jowl), and black pepper. It's a staple in Roman cuisine.

Carbonara

These are Italian snacks made of risotto, usually filled with mozzarella, coated with bread crumbs and then deep-fried. They are a popular appetizer in Rome.

Supplì

Another classic Roman pasta dish, Cacio e Pepe is made with Pecorino Romano cheese and black pepper. It's simple yet full of flavor.

Cacio e Pepe

A traditional Roman main course, Saltimbocca alla Romana is made of veal lined or topped with prosciutto and sage, and marinated in wine, oil or saltwater.

Saltimbocca alla Romana

Artichokes are a staple in Roman cuisine. They are usually fried (Carciofi alla Giudia) or braised with herbs and garlic (Carciofi alla Romana).

Roman Artichokes

A popular Italian starter, Bruschetta is grilled bread rubbed with garlic and topped with diced tomatoes, fresh basil, and sometimes mozzarella.

Bruschetta

Gelato is Italian ice cream and is a must-try when in Rome. It's denser and milkier than regular ice cream and comes in a variety of flavors.

Gelato

A classic Italian dessert, Tiramisu is made of ladyfingers dipped in coffee, layered with a whipped mixture of eggs, sugar, and mascarpone cheese, and flavored with cocoa.

Tiramisu

When in Rome, trying an Espresso is a must. It's a concentrated form of coffee served in small amounts.

Espresso

A popular Italian cocktail, Negroni is made of one part gin, one part vermouth rosso, and one part Campari, garnished with orange peel.

Negroni

Prosecco is a sparkling white wine from Italy. It's a popular choice for aperitivo (pre-dinner drink) in Rome.

Prosecco

New Year's Day

Epiphany

Easter Sunday

Easter Monday

Liberation Day

Labor Day / May Day

Republic Day

Assumption of Mary

All Saints' Day

Feast of the Immaculate Conception

Christmas Day

St. Stephen's Day

Home to two UNESCO World Heritage Sites: Villa d'Este and Hadrian's Villa.

Tivoli

Ancient Roman port city with well-preserved ruins.

Ostia Antica

Castelli Romani

Medieval city known for its Gothic cathedral.

Orvieto

A hilltop village accessible only by a pedestrian bridge.

Civita di Bagnoregio

Birthplace of St. Francis, with a stunning basilica.

Assisi

Vibrant city with rich history, art, and food culture.

Naples

Ancient city preserved under volcanic ash from Mount Vesuvius.

Pompeii

Renaissance city known for its art and architecture.

Florence

Medieval city known for its Palio horse race.

Siena

Island known for its rugged landscape and upscale hotels and shopping.

Capri

Amalfi Coast

Bergamo

Bolzano

Brescia

Cinque Terre

Lake Como

Milan

Sicily

Tuscany

Venice

Piazza Venezia with Christmas lights and decorated tree.

Piazza Venezia square in during the Christmas holidays

Illuminated Christmas tree in Piazza di Spagna at night

Rome is a busy city, so be prepared for crowds, especially during peak tourist season (April to June, September and October).

Pickpocketing can be a problem in crowded areas and on public transportation, so always keep an eye on your belongings.

The city is very walkable, but it also has an extensive public transportation system, including buses, trams, and a metro.

Tipping is not customary in Italy, but you can leave a small amount if you receive exceptional service.

Many shops and restaurants close for a few hours in the afternoon for 'riposo', similar to the Spanish siesta.

It's common to pay a small cover charge ('coperto') in restaurants, which is not a tip but a charge for the bread and service.

Rome's tap water is safe to drink and there are numerous public fountains where you can refill your water bottle for free.

It's considered rude to order a cappuccino after 11 am, as Italians typically only drink it for breakfast.

Most museums and attractions are closed on Mondays.

Rome can be very hot in the summer, with temperatures often exceeding 86°F (30°C), and very cold in the winter, with temperatures often dropping below 32°F (0°C).

It's customary to greet people with a handshake, or two kisses on the cheek (starting from the left) for friends.

Italians are generally relaxed about dress code, but you should dress modestly when visiting religious sites.

Many Romans speak English, especially in the city center and tourist areas, but learning a few basic Italian phrases can be helpful.

The voltage in Italy is 220-240 Volts, so you may need a converter if your devices use a different voltage.

The currency in Italy is the Euro (€). Credit cards are widely accepted, but it's always a good idea to carry some cash.

Pharmacies in Rome are marked by a green cross and are the best place to go for minor health issues.

Smoking is banned in all enclosed public places in Italy, including bars and restaurants.

Rome is in the Central European Time Zone (CET), which is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC+1).

Emergency numbers in Italy are 112 for general emergencies, 113 for police, 118 for medical emergencies, and 115 for fire.

Public restrooms can be hard to find in Rome, and many charge a small fee. Restaurants and cafes often reserve their restrooms for customers.

January is the coldest month in Rome, with occasional rain and snow. It's a great time to visit if you prefer fewer crowds and cooler temperatures.

February is still quite chilly, but the days are getting longer. It's a good time to visit museums and historical sites.

March sees the beginning of spring, with temperatures starting to rise. The city starts to bloom, making it a beautiful time to visit.

April is a pleasant month with moderate temperatures. It's a great time to explore the city on foot.

May is warm and sunny, perfect for outdoor activities. The city is vibrant with flowers and greenery.

June is the start of summer, with long, hot days. It's a great time for beach trips and outdoor dining.

July is the hottest month in Rome, with temperatures often exceeding 30°C. It's a great time to visit if you love the heat and sunshine.

August is equally hot, with many locals leaving the city for vacation. It's a good time to visit if you don't mind the heat and smaller crowds.

September sees the start of autumn, with temperatures starting to drop. It's a great time to visit for comfortable weather and fewer tourists.

October is a pleasant month with moderate temperatures. It's a great time to explore the city on foot.

November is cooler, with shorter days and more rainfall. It's a good time to visit museums and indoor attractions.

December is chilly, but the city is beautifully decorated for Christmas. It's a great time to visit for holiday festivities and shopping.

When visiting Rome, Italy, it's important to be aware of the city's Mediterranean climate, which is characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. 

During the summer months, from June to August, temperatures can reach highs of 86°F (30°C) during the day. It's advisable to stay hydrated and wear light, breathable clothing to stay comfortable. Don't forget to apply sunscreen regularly, especially if you're planning to spend a lot of time outdoors exploring the city's historical sites.

The winter months, from December to February, are generally mild with temperatures ranging from 37°F to 57°F (3°C to 14°C). It's a good idea to pack a warm coat, as well as an umbrella or raincoat, as this is when Rome receives most of its rainfall.

Spring and autumn are considered the best times to visit Rome. The weather during these seasons is typically mild and pleasant, with temperatures ranging from 50°F to 70°F (10°C to 21°C). These periods also tend to be less crowded with tourists, making it easier to explore the city.

Regardless of when you visit, remember that weather can be unpredictable. It's always a good idea to check the forecast before your trip and pack accordingly. Also, keep in mind that many of Rome's attractions are outdoors, so be prepared for any weather conditions.

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3-Day Romantic Christmas Holiday Itinerary: Rome, Italy

About Rome, Italy